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Resonance is a physical harmonic vibration, in which the acceleration of an object is proportional to the displacement from the equilibrium position, and is always caused by the restoring force directed towards the equilibrium position.
When a single port network containing inductive, capacitive, and resistive elements experiences resonance at certain operating frequencies when the waveform phases of the port voltage and current are the same, it is called circuit resonance. A circuit that can resonate is called a resonant circuit.
In an AC circuit with resistor R, inductor L, and capacitor C components, the voltage at both ends of the circuit is generally different in phase from the current in it. If the parameters or power frequency of circuit components (L or C) are adjusted, they can be made to have the same phase, and the entire circuit appears purely resistive. The circuit reaching this state is called resonance. In the resonant state, the total impedance of the circuit reaches or approximates its maximum value. The purpose of studying resonance is to understand this objective phenomenon and fully utilize its characteristics in science and applied technology, while also preventing the harm caused by resonance. According to the different circuit connections, it can be divided into two types:series resonanceand parallel resonance.
Inductance voltage and capacitance voltage are of equal and different signs, that is, inductance and capacitance absorb reactive power of equal and different signs, so that the reactive power absorbed by the circuit is 0; Both electric field energy and magnetic field energy are constantly changing, but they increase and decrease, compensating each other. This part of energy oscillates between the electric field and the magnetic field, and the total energy of the electromagnetic field in the entire circuit remains unchanged; The energy of the excitation supply circuit is fully converted into resistance heating. In order to maintain oscillation, the excitation must continuously supply energy to compensate for the heating consumption of the resistor. Compared with the total electromagnetic field energy in the circuit, the less energy is consumed per oscillation, and the better the quality of the circuit.
Parallel resonance
Inductance current and capacitance current are of equal and different signs. The LC oscillation circuit commonly used in electronic products such as recorders and repeaters is the resonant circuit.
Harmonic vibration
Dynamics equation: F=- kx. The phenomenon of resonance is that the current increases and the voltage decreases. The closer it is to the resonance center, the faster the ammeter, voltmeter, and power meter rotate, but the difference from short circuit is that there will be no zero sequence quantity.
