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In electronic devices, we often see many magnetic rings and connecting cables forming an inductor (the wires in the cable are wound around the magnetic rings a few times as the inductor coil). It is a commonly used anti-interference component in electronic circuits and has a good shielding effect on high-frequency noise, so it is called an absorbing magnetic ring. Magnetic rings have different impedance characteristics at different frequencies. Generally, the impedance is very small at low frequencies, and as the signal frequency increases, the impedance of the magnetic ring sharply increases.
As we all know, the higher the frequency of a signal, the easier it is to radiate out. Generally, signal lines do not have shielding layers, and these signal lines become good antennas to receive various chaotic high-frequency signals in the surrounding environment. These signals are superimposed on the original transmitted signal, and may even change the original transmitted useful signal, seriously interfering with the normal operation of electronic devices. Therefore, reducing electromagnetic interference (EM) of electronic devices has become a necessary consideration. Under the action of magnetic rings, even if normal and useful signals pass smoothly, high-frequency interference signals can be effectively suppressed, and the cost is low.
Reactors are mainly used in power systems for constant current and voltage regulation in power grids. They are essentially hollow coils made of non-magnetic materials.
When a short circuit occurs in the power system, a large short-circuit current will be generated. If not restricted, it is very difficult to maintain the dynamic and thermal stability of electrical equipment. Therefore, in order to meet the requirements of the breaking capacity of certain circuit breakers, reactors are often connected in series at the outgoing circuit breaker to increase the short-circuit impedance and limit the short-circuit current.
Due to the use of a reactor, the voltage drop on the reactor is significant in the event of a short circuit, which also plays a role in maintaining the voltage level of the bus, reducing voltage fluctuations on the bus, and ensuring the stability of user electrical equipment operation on non fault lines.
Divided by purpose into 7 types:
① Current limiting reactor. Connected in series in a power circuit to limit the value of short-circuit current.
② Parallel reactor. It is generally connected between the end of the ultra-high voltage transmission line and the ground to provide reactive power compensation.
③ Communication reactor. Also known as a wave blocker. Connected in series in a transmission line that also serves as a communication line, used to block carrier signals from entering the receiving equipment.
④ Arc suppression reactor. Also known as arc suppression coil. Connected between the neutral point of the three-phase transformer and the ground, it is used to supply inductive current when one phase of the three-phase power grid is grounded, to compensate for the capacitive current flowing through the grounding point, so that the arc is not easily ignited, thereby eliminating overvoltage caused by multiple reignitions of the arc.
⑤ Filter reactor. Used to reduce the amplitude of ripple on the bamboo current in rectifier circuits; It can also form a circuit with capacitors that can resonate with a certain frequency to eliminate the voltage or current of a certain harmonic in the power circuit.
Start the reactor. Connect in series with the electric motor to limit its starting current.
Reactors, also known as inductors, generate a magnetic field within a certain spatial range when a conductor is energized, so all conductors capable of carrying current have a general sense of inductance. However, the inductance of an electrified long straight conductor is relatively small, and the magnetic field generated is not strong. Therefore, the actual reactor is a hollow core reactor in which the wire is wound into a solenoid form; Sometimes, in order to increase the inductance of this solenoid, an iron core is inserted into the solenoid, known as an iron core reactor.
In the field of alternating current, in addition to resistors hindering the flow of current, capacitors and inductors also hinder the flow of current. This effect is called reactance, which means resisting the action of current. The reactance of capacitors and inductors are respectively called capacitive reactance and inductive reactance, abbreviated as capacitive reactance and inductive reactance.
Reactance is divided into inductive reactance and capacitive reactance. A more scientific classification is that inductive reactance (inductor) and capacitive reactance (capacitor) are collectively referred to as reactors. However, due to the existence of inductors in the past and their designation as reactors, capacitors are now referred to as capacitive reactance, while reactors specifically refer to inductors.
In electronic circuits, it is often called an inductor, and in power systems, it is often called a reactor.
